PHP

Spis treści książki

UWAGA: EBOOK W JĘZYKU ANGIELSKIM

Książka zawiera opis wykrytego przez Autora błędu w PHP występującego w niektórych wersjach PHP 5. Opis błędu i sposoby unikania błędnych kodów (alternatywne rozwiązania w PHP) podano w dodatku (APPENDIX).


ENGLISH EDITION, updated 07-01-2014

 

CONTENTS:


CHAPTER 1: Introduction to the e-book edition

Similarities and differences: PHP vs. C/C++

What and how can PHP do for us?

What for? To get visitor’s IP, for example

What do I need for beginning?

How to use PHP?

Embedding PHP

Comments in PHP

How to use PHP interpreter online

Running PHP from the command line

Command line input (STDIN)

 

CHAPTER 2: PHP variables

Case sensitivity

Error messages and warnings

Data types in PHP

Using constants in PHP

Integer data type

Floating-point numbers

Bool type (Boolean values)

Null type variable and type checking in PHP

Dynamic variables

 

CHAPTER 3: Operators

Arithmetic operators

Assignment operator and combined operators

Pre / post - increment and decrement operators

Comparison operators

Logical operators

Base converting functions and bitwise operators

Operator precedence

Filtering mask with binary operators

 

CHAPTER 4: PHP Arrays, array constructor, array types in PHP

Numeric indexed arrays, runtime array size change

Associative arrays and string arrays

Character strings as 1D array

Mixed arrays

Multi-dimensional arrays, hash table

Array elements can be sorted

Internal pointer and some useful functions

 

CHAPTER 5: If we need conditional statements or loops

 

If statement (if-elseif-else) and switch-case statement

The while and do-while loops

The for and foreach loops

The break, continue and goto keywords

 

CHAPTER 6: Custom functions

Argument passing by value and using default values

Variable argument list

Argument passing by reference

Returning an array or modifying values by reference

Locals vs. globals

Math functions

Searching and sorting

Quick binary search

PHP runtime-created functions

Date and time

 

CHAPTER 7: Introduction to OOP

Properties

Creating an object (a class new instance)

Constructor

Destructor

Included and required file(s)

 

CHAPTER 8: Programming practice

Static methods

Declaring constants within classes

Magic constants

Static properties in use

Recommended OOP practice and The Gold Rule

 

CHAPTER 9: Object-oriented programming

Inheritance – first glance

Overriding class members

Final keyword and instanceof operator

Access levels before and after inheritance

Generating HTML page using PHP functions

Generating the same HTML page using classes and methods

A few words about PHP scope

Interfaces, abstract classes and traits

Abstract data types (ADT) and the abstract keyword

Traits

 

CHAPTER 10: Data input in PHP

How HTML forms work

Variables and superglobal PHP arrays

Processing forms in PHP

Simple form example and a little more about form processing

Intermixing HTML and PHP

Using PHP interpreter online and JavaScript codes

PHP intermixing with JavaScript, how it works

Information Feedback: Client-Server-Client-Server dialogue

The precise Real Time Clock in PHP

 

CHAPTER 11: PHP interaction with operating system and file system

PHP interaction with operating systems being system-dependent

Basic file-related functions

More about opening a file by fopen() function

SPLFileObject, SPLFileInfo objects

Directory – related functions

STDIN and STDOUT streams and piping

A simple way to place an image in PHP

How to create graphs and function plots in PHP

 

CHAPTER 12: Effective programming in PHP

Variable scope in PHP vs. JavaScript

Algorithm complexity and recursive functions

Fibonacci sequence and factorials

Programming errors

Type setting and casting to avoid some errors

 

CHAPTER 13: Using local storage in JavaScript and with PHP

Counting views in JavaScript on the client side

Single file PHP calculator

PHP Cookies

Creating Cookies in PHP

$_COOKIE[] array and $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS[] array

Deleting cookies

Checking a cookie value in JavaScript

Sessions

 

CHAPTER 14: Advanced object oriented programming

Using __set() and __get() methods

Property and function overloading

More about lambda functions and closures

Namespaces

Namespace aliases

 

CHAPTER 15: Data validation and error handling

Listing form variables

Error handling

Switching form On/Off using a single flag (the simplest validation)

Data validation on the client side (JavaScript)

Validation on the server side using PHP

The NaN and Infinity errors

Exception handling

 

CHAPTER 16: XML, TCP/IP and Real Time data processing

SimpleXML in PHP

XML processing in PHP

The DOM and SimpleXML examples

TCP/IP

How to evaluate real speed of our Client-Server feedback loop

Function call time measuring

Random numbers and a simple PHP game

 

CHAPTER 17: Simple examples

Shared operating memory in PHP

Login and password – why data encryption is needed

A few words about data encryption in PHP

 

APPENDIX

Polymorphism example

Converting relative path to absolute path

How to get visitor’s IP?

File uploading from user’s disk

Setting timeout on the client side and on the server side

Regular expressions – what it is and what for?

Creating and showing an image gallery

Drawing boxes by intermixing PHP, HTML and CSS

Drawing y = cos( x ) graph in PHP

Unicode in PHP

Simple geo-location based on IP

Some useful links

An ERROR in PHP5 discovered

BC Math functions vs. PHP operators

Pointer to an external process


This is the QUICK REFERENCE TO PHP for students, IT engineers and for all newcomers. Besides of numerous PHP examples this e-book contains also some simple JavaScript code snippets to show how to perform data processing on the client side by JavaScript and on the server side by PHP. Those are always the two alternative methods to select by programmers. So I have compared hereby some popular programming techniques being frequently used and providing complementary solutions. Because this e-book and these examples was written by and for programmers, PHP comes here with an extensive set of features and functions. The most interesting examples see:

* Information Feedback: Client-Server-Client-Server dialogue (CH 10, CH 16)

* Effective programming in PHP (CH 10)

* A simple way to place an image in PHP (CH 11)

* How to get visitor IP (APPENDIX)

* Algorithm complexity (CH 12)


FREE SAMPLE

Sometimes you can prefer to implement such type query in your PHP code. It is simple. The simple code below is working and it is ready to use.

 

// Adam Majczak: Geo-location Example

$ip='83.203.140.87'; // here you can use any valid IP

function AmCheckIP($ip) {

if(!filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) {

throw new InvalidArgumentException("ERROR: IP not valid"); }

$answer=@file_get_contents('http://www.netip.de/search?query='.$ip);

if (empty($answer)) {

throw new InvalidArgumentException("Error: Geo-Location-Server connection failed."); }

$patterns=array();

$patterns["domain"] = '#Domain: (.*?) #i';

$patterns["country"] = '#Country: (.*?) #i';

$patterns["state"] = '#State/Region: (.*?)

$patterns["town"] = '#City: (.*?)

$ipInfo=array();

foreach ($patterns as $key => $pattern) {$ipInfo[$key] = preg_match($pattern, $answer, $value) && !empty($value[1]) ? $value[1] : 'not detected'; }

return $ipInfo;

}

print_r( AmCheckIP($ip) );

?>

// printout:

Array ([country] => FR - France [state] => Bourgogne [town] => Dijon)
 

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