Understanding Context. Environment, Language, and Information Architecture

Spis treści ebooka

• Understanding Context: Environment, Language, and Information Architecture
• Praise for Understanding Context
• Foreword
• Preface
  • The Practical Bit
  • Who Should Read This Book?
  • So This Book Teaches Methods for Designing Context?
  • Why Information Architecture?
  • What Will You Learn from This Book?
  • A Tour Through the Books Six Parts
  • The Personal Bit
• Acknowledgments
• I. The Context Problem
  • 1. Everything, Yet Something
    • Birds in Trees, Words in Books
    • Scenario: Andrew Goes to the Airport
    • Breaking It Down
  • 2. A Growing Challenge
    • Early Disruptions
    • The Role of the Web
    • Case Study: Facebook Beacon
  • 3. Environments, Elements, and Information
    • A Wall and a Field
    • A Conventional Definition of Context
    • A New, Working Definition of Context
    • Modes of Information
    • Starting from the Bottom
• II. Physical Information
  • 4. Perception, Cognition, and Affordance
    • Information of a Different Sort
    • A Mainstream View of Cognition
    • Embodied Cognition: An Alternative View
    • Action and the Perceptual System
    • Information Pickup
    • Affordance
      • Affordance is a revolutionary idea
      • Affordances are value-neutral
      • Perception of affordance information comes first; our ideas about it come later
      • Affordances exist in the environment whether they are perceived or not
      • Affordances are there, whether they are perceived accurately or not
      • Affording information is always in a context of other information
      • Affordances are learned
    • Directly Perceived versus Indirectly Meaningful
    • Soft Assembly
    • Satisficing
    • Umwelts
  • 5. Attention, Control, and Learning
    • A Spectrum of Conscious Attention
    • Environmental Control
    • Memory, and Learning the Environment
      • What is Memory?
      • Types of Memory
      • An Embodied Perspective on Memory
      • Learning and Remembering versus Memory
      • Learning and Remembering are Entangled with Environment
      • Environment, and Explicit versus Implicit Memory
    • What Does All This Mean for Design?
  • 6. The Elements of the Environment
    • Invariants
      • Examples of Invariants
      • Variants
      • Compound Invariants
      • Invariants Are Not Only About Affordance
      • Digital Invariants
    • The Principle of Nesting
      • Nesting versus Hierarchy
      • Digital Environments and Nesting
    • Surface, Substance, Medium
      • Digital Examples
    • Objects
      • Phenomenology and Objects
      • Manipulating and Sorting
      • Objects with Agency
      • Digital Objects
    • Layout
      • Digital Layout
    • Events
      • Affordances and Laws for Events
      • Events and Time
      • Digital Events
    • Place
      • Digital Places
  • 7. What Humans Make
    • The Built Environment
    • The Social Environment
    • Meaning, Culture, and Product
• III. Semantic Information
  • 8. How Language Works
    • Looking at Language
    • Signs: Icons, Indexes, and Symbols
      • Icons
      • Indexes
      • Symbols
    • The Superpowers of Symbols
    • Signification Conflation
    • Language Is Contextual
  • 9. Language as Infrastructure
    • Language and the Body
    • Structure of Speech
    • The Role of Metaphor
    • Visual Information
    • Semantic Function
    • Tools for Understanding
    • Semantic Architecture
  • 10. The Written Word
    • The Origins of Writing
    • What Writing Does
    • The Structure of Writing
    • Rules and Systems
  • 11. Making Things Make Sense
    • Language and Sensemaking
    • Physical and Semantic Intersections
      • Digital Intersections
    • Physical and Semantic Confusion
    • Ducks, Rabbits, and Calendars
• IV. Digital Information
  • 12. Digital Cognition and Agency
    • Shannons Logic
    • Digital Learning and Agency
    • Everyday Digital Agents
    • Ontologies
  • 13. Digital Interaction
    • Interfaces and Humans
    • Semantic Function of Simulated Objects
    • Modes and Meaning
  • 14. Digital Environment
    • Variant Modes and Digital Places
    • Foraging for Information
    • Inhabiting Two Worlds at Once
    • Ambient Agents
• V. The Maps We Live In
  • 15. Information as Architecture
    • Contemplating Cyberspace
    • Architecture + Information
    • Expansive IA
    • About Definitions
  • 16. Mapping and Placemaking
    • Maps and Territory
    • What Makes Places
    • Railroads, Chickens, and Captain Vancouver
      • Atlanta
      • Vancouver
    • Organizational Maps
  • 17. Virtual and Ambient Places
    • Of Dungeons and Quakes
    • The Porous Nature of Cyberplaces
    • Augmented and Blended Places
    • The Map That Makes Itself
    • Metamaps and Compasses
  • 18. The Social Map
    • Conversation
    • Social Architectures
    • Proxemics as a Structural Model
    • Identity
    • Collisions and Fronts
    • The Ontology of Self
    • Networked Publics
• VI. Composing Context
  • 19. Arrangement and Substance
    • Composition in Other Disciplines
    • Qualities of Composition
    • Something to Walk On
  • 20. The Materials of Semantic Function
    • Elements
    • Labels and Ontology
    • Relationships and Taxonomy
    • Rules and Choreography
    • The Organization as Medium
  • 21. Narratives and Situations
    • People Make Sense Through Stories
    • Intentions and Intersections
    • The Tales Organizations Tell
    • Situations over Goals
  • 22. Models and Making
    • A Fresh Look at Our Methods
    • Observing Context
    • Perspectives and Journeys
    • Structures for Tacit Satisficing
    • Blueprints, Floor Plans, Bubbles, and Blobs
• A. Coda
• B. About the Author
• C. Understanding Context
• Index
• About the Author
• Copyright

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