Head First Learn to Code. A Learner's Guide to Coding and Computational Thinking

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• Praise for Head First Learn to Code
• Praise for other books by Eric Freeman
• Head First Learn to Code
•  
• the author
• Table of Contents (the real thing)
• 1. how to use this book: Intro
  • Who is this book for?
    • Who should probably back away from this book?
  • We know what youre thinking.
    • And we know what your brain is thinking.
      • This must be important! Dont forget it!
  • Metacognition: thinking about thinking
    • So how DO you get your brain to think coding is as important as a tiger?
  • Heres what WE did:
  • Heres what YOU can do to bend your brain into submission
  • Read Me
    • We want you to learn the thinking process behind programming.
    • In this book we use Python.
    • We dont exhaustively cover every aspect of the Python language.
    • You can use a Mac or PC, or Linux for that matter.
    • The activities are NOT optional.
    • The redundancy is intentional and important.
    • The examples are as lean as possible.
    • The Brain Power exercises dont usually have answers.
    • Get the code examples, help, and discussion online.
  • Youre going to have to install Python
  • A word on organizing your code
  • Acknowledgments*
  • The Review Team
• 2. 1 thinking computationally: Getting Started
  • Breaking it down
  • How coding works
  • Are we even speaking the same language?
  • The world of programming languages
  • How youll write and run code with Python
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • A very brief history of Python
  • Putting Python through its paces
  • Saving your work
  • Congrats on coding your first Python program!
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Phrase-O-Matic
  • Getting the code in the machine
• 3. 2 simple values, variables, and types: Know Your Value
  • Coding the Dog Age Calculator
  • Going from pseudocode to code
  • Step 1: Getting some input
  • How the input function works
  • Using variables to remember and store values
  • Assigning the users input to a variable
  • Step 2: Getting more input
  • Its time to run some code
  • Getting some code entered
  • A deep dive on variables
  • Adding some expression
  • Variables are called VARY-ables for a reason
  • Better living through operator precedence
  • Computing with operator precedence
  • Crack the Code Challenge
  • Back away from that keyboard!
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Step 3: Computing the dogs age
  • Houston, weve got a problem!
  • To err is human to code
  • A little more debugging...
    • Careful what you ask for...
  • What are Python types, anyway?
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Fixing our code
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Houston, we have liftoff
  • Step 4: User-friendly output
    • Who am I? Solution
  • Crack the Code Challenge SOLUTION
• 4. 3 booleans, decisions, and loops: Decisive Code
  • Would you like to play a game?
    • How Rock, Paper, Scissors works
    • How youre going to play against the computer
  • First, a high-level design
  • The computers choice
    • How to generate a random number
  • How to use the random number
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Taking things further...
  • True? Or False?
  • Introducing the Boolean type
  • Making decisions
  • Decisions and more decisions
  • Back to Rock, Paper, Scissors
  • Getting the users choice
    • Good eye.
  • Taking a look at the users choice
  • Adding the code to detect a tie
  • Who won?
    • Right.
  • How to implement the game logic
  • More about Boolean operators
  • Display the winner
  • Got documentation?
  • How to add comments to your code
  • We need to finish that game!
  • How do we know if the users choice is invalid?
  • Checking out and cleaning up the expression
  • How to continually prompt the user
  • Doing things more than once
  • How the while loop works
  • How to use while to prompt the user until you get a valid choice
  • Congratulations on coding your first game!
    • Beware of the The Dreaded Infinite Loop
• 5. 4 lists and iteration: Providing Some Structure
  • Can you help Bubbles-R-Us?
  • How to represent multiple values in Python
  • How lists work
    • How to create a list
    • How to access a list item
    • Updating a value in the list
  • How big is that list, anyway?
  • Accessing the last item in the list
  • Python makes this even easier
  • Using Pythons negative indices
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Meanwhile, back at Bubbles-R-Us...
  • Cubicle conversation
  • How to iterate over a list
  • Fixing the output glitch
  • Really fixing the output glitch
  • The for loop, the preferred way to iterate over a list
    • How the for loop works
  • How the for loop works on a range of numbers
  • Doing more with ranges
    • Try a starting and ending number
    • Add a step size
    • Count backward
    • Or start from negative numbers
    • there are Dumb Questions
  • Putting it all together
  • Test drive the bubble report
    • Fireside Chats
  • Cubicle conversation continued...
  • Building your own list, from scratch
  • Doing even more with lists
    • Delete an item from a list
    • Add one list to another
    • Or insert items into your list
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Test drive the final report
  • And the winners are...
  • Testing the most cost-effective solution
    • Youre right: we didnt need to.
• 6. 5 functions and abstraction: Getting Functional
  • Whats wrong with the code, anyway?
  • Turning a block of code into a FUNCTION
  • We created a function, so how do we use it?
  • But how does all this actually work?
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Functions can RETURN things too
  • How to call a function that has a return value
    • Good catch.
  • Getting a little refactoring under our belts
  • Running the code
  • How to abstract the avatar code
  • Writing the get attribute function body
  • Calling get attribute
  • Lets talk about variables a little more...
  • Understanding variable scope
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • When variables get passed to functions
  • Making the drink_me function call
  • What about using global variables in functions?
    • Fireside Chats
  • Going further with parameters: default values and keywords
  • How default parameter values work
  • Always list your required parameters first!
  • Using arguments with keywords
  • How to think about all these options
    • The case of the attempted robbery not worth investigating
• 7. 4, part 2, sorting and nested iteration: Putting Some Order in Your Data
  • Cubicle conversation
  • Understanding bubble sort
  • Starting with pass 1
  • Pass 2
  • Pass 3
  • Some bubble sort pseudocode
  • Cubicle conversation continued...
  • Implementing bubble sort in Python
  • Computing bubble solution numbers
• 8. 6 text, strings, and heuristics: Putting It All Together
  • Welcome to the data sciences
  • How do you compute something like readability?
  • The game plan
  • Writing some pseudocode
  • We need some text to analyze
    • How to get multiline text into Python
  • Setting up the function
  • First up: we need the total number of words in our text
  • Cubicle conversation
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Computing the total number of sentences
  • Writing the count_sentences function
  • Computing the number of syllables, or, learning to love heuristics
  • Cubicle conversation continued...
  • Setting up the heuristic
  • Writing the heuristic
  • How to count vowels
  • Ignoring consecutive vowels
  • Writing the code to ignore consecutive vowels
  • Removing final es, ys, and punctuation
    • He who controls the slice, controls the...
  • Putting slicing (substrings) to work
  • Finishing off the heuristic code
  • Implementing the reading ease formula
  • Taking it even further
• 9. 7 modules, methods, classes, and objects: Getting Modular
  • Cubicle conversation
  • A quick module review
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Cubicle conversation continued...
  • The name global variable
  • Cubicle conversation continued...
  • Updating analyze.py
  • Using analyze.py as a module
  • Adding docstrings to analyze.py
  • Exploring other Python modules
  • Wait, did someone say turtles?!
  • Creating your very own turtle
  • Turtle lab
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Adding a second turtle
  • What are turtles, anyway?
  • What are objects?
  • Okay, whats a class then?
    • A class is not an object, its used to construct them.
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • A class tells us what an object knows and what an object can do
  • How to use objects and classes
  • What about those methods and attributes?
  • Seeing classes and objects everywhere
  • Get ready for some turtle races
  • Planning the game
  • Lets start coding
  • Setting up the game
  • Writing the setup code
  • Not so fast!
  • Starting the race
  • Dont worry, this isnt the end of objects.
    • Odd goings-on at the turtle races.
  • Mod coding cross
  • Mod cross Solution
• 10. 8 recursion and dictionaries: Beyond Iteration and Indices
  • A different way to compute
  • And now the different way...
  • Now lets write some code for our two cases
  • Lets get some more practice
  • Using recursion to detect palindromes
  • Writing a recursive palindrome detector
    • there are no Dumb Questions
    • Fireside Chats
  • The Anti-Social Network
  • Introducing the dictionary
  • Lets see how to create a dictionary
  • And then add items
  • And then retrieve values by their keys
  • Keys and values do not have to be strings
  • Of course you can remove keys as well
  • But you might want to test to see if it exists first
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • What about iterating through a dictionary?
  • Okay, but can we get literal for a sec?
  • Leveraging dictionaries at the Anti-Social Network
  • But how do we add more attributes?
  • Remember the Anti-Social Networks killer feature?
  • Finding the most anti-social user
  • Now, its all you!
  • Can we just remember function call results?
  • Using a dictionary to remember our Fibonacci results
  • We might as well use the $5 words: memoization
  • Some more brain building
  • A closer look at the koch function
  • Truly exploring the koch fractal
  • They dont call it the Koch snowflake for nothin
• 11. 9 saving and retrieving files: Persistence
  • Ready for some Crazy Libs?
    • How to Play
  • How Crazy Libs is going to work
  • Step 1: Read the text of the story from a file
  • To read a file in Python, you first have to open it
  • How to use file paths
  • Relative paths
  • Absolute paths
  • Oh, and dont forget to clean up when youre done!
  • Reading a file into your Python code
  • Using the file object to read a file
  • Oh, give it a break already...
  • Hey, weve got a Crazy Lib game to finish!
  • Using the readline method of the file object
  • How do we know when weve read the last line?
  • Ah, but theres a easier way using the power of Python sequences
  • Reading in a Crazy Lib template
  • Processing the template text
  • Now lets process the text
  • Using a new string method to fix the bug
  • Actually fixing the bug
  • Some code has real problems
  • Handling exceptions
  • Explicitly handling exceptions
    • there are Dumb Questions
  • Updating Crazy Libs to handle exceptions
  • Our last step: storing the Crazy Lib
  • Updating the rest of the code
  • File i/o cross Solution
• 12. 10 using web apis: You Really Should Get Out More
  • Extending your reach with Web APIs
  • How Web APIs work
  • All Web APIs have a web address
    • Consult the API documentation.
    • Good point.
  • Time for a quick upgrade
  • Doing the upgrade
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • All we need now is a good Web API...
  • A closer look at the API
  • Web APIs provide data using JSON
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Now lets look at that request module again
  • Putting it all together: making a request to Open Notify
  • How to use JSON in Python
  • Using the JSON module on our ISS data
  • Lets add some graphics
  • Meet the screen object
  • Lets add a turtle to represent the ISS
  • Turtles can look like space stations too
  • Forget the ISSwhere are we?
  • Finishing off the ISS code
• 13. 11 widgets, events, and emergent behavior: Getting Interactive
  • A closer look at the Game of Life
    • Oh, youd be surprised...
  • What were going to build
  • Do we have the right design?
  • How were going to build the simulator
  • Building the data model
  • Representing the grid
  • Computing a generation of the Game of Life
  • Computing each cells fate
  • Completing the model code
  • Where are we?
  • Building the view
  • Creating your first widget
  • Adding the rest of the widgets
  • Correcting the layout
  • Placing the widgets into a grid layout
  • Translating the grid layout to code
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Moving on to the controller
  • Adding an update function
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Ready for another new style of computation?
  • Lets add a click handler
  • How the start/pause button is going to work
  • Implementing the start/pause button
  • Another kind of event
  • We have the technology: the after method
  • Are we there yet?
  • How to enter and edit cells directly
  • Writing the grid_view handler
  • Now its time to add some patterns
  • Writing a handler for the OptionMenu
  • How to define your patterns
  • Writing the pattern loader
• 14. 12 object-oriented programming: A Trip to Objectville
  • Breaking it down, a different way
  • Whats the point of object-oriented programming, anyway?
  • Designing your first class
  • Writing your first class
  • How the constructor works
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Writing the bark method
  • How methods work
  • Adding some inheritance
  • Implementing the ServiceDog class
  • A closer look at subclassing
  • A ServiceDog IS-A Dog
  • Testing IS-A in code
  • How would you describe yourself?
    • there are no Dumb Questions
  • Overriding and extending behavior
  • Welcome to Jargon City
  • Object can HAS-Another object
  • Designing a Doggie Hotel
  • Implementing the Doggie Hotel
  • Renovating the Doggie Hotel
  • Adding some hotel activities
  • I can do anything you can, or Polymorphism
  • Its about time we teach the other dogs to walk
  • The power of inheritance
  • Creating a Doggie Hotel walking service
  • How are we going to hire a person to walk our dogs if we dont even have people objects?
    • Meanwhile, back at the turtle races
    • The turtle races case SOLVED
    • Have you considered a career in coding?
• A. appendix: leftovers: The Top Ten Topics (We Didnt Cover)
  • #1 List comprehensions
  • #2 Dates and times
  • #3 Regular expressions
  • #4 Other data types: tuples
  • #5 Other data types: sets
  • #6 Server-side coding
  • #7 Lazy evaluation
  • #8 Decorators
  • #9 Higher-order and first-class functions
  • #10 A lot of libraries
    • Dont worry, this isnt goodbye.
• B. Bring your brain over to wickedlysmart.com
• Index
  • Symbols
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
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